Educational & Research Information Only. All content on this page relates to scientific research and chemistry. ITide Laboratories does not provide guidance on human use of any compound. This content is not medical advice.

RESEARCH HUB

KLOW Stack (GHK-Cu + KPV + Ac-SDKP + BPC-157)

GHK-Cu + KPV + Ac-SDKP + BPC-157 research blend

What Is the KLOW Stack?

The KLOW Stack is a four-peptide research formulation that combines GHK-Cu, KPV, Ac-SDKP, and BPC-157 in a single co-formulated 80 mg vial. It is supplied as a blue lyophilized powder — the colour reflects the copper coordination complex of GHK-Cu — for laboratory research into how these compounds behave together in tissue-repair, skin-biology, and inflammation models. KLOW is a defined blend rather than a single chemical entity: each component is an independently characterised research peptide, combined so that researchers can study them side by side under uniform handling and storage conditions. The most recent third-party certificate of analysis reports 99.54% purity by HPLC-UV, with component identity confirmed by LC-MS.

Stack Composition

The KLOW formulation brings together four research peptides spanning angiogenic, extracellular-matrix-remodelling, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The table below summarises each component as characterised in the current batch.

Property	GHK-Cu	KPV	Ac-SDKP	BPC-157
CAS Number	89030-95-5	67727-97-3	64338-12-5	137525-51-0
Molecular Weight	~396.9 g/mol	~341.4 g/mol	~487.5 g/mol	1419.5 g/mol
Structure	Gly-His-Lys copper(II) complex	Lys-Pro-Val tripeptide	N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro tetrapeptide	15-amino-acid synthetic peptide
Net Content (Lot #1)	48.55 mg	20.62 mg (KPV + Ac-SDKP)	20.62 mg (KPV + Ac-SDKP)	10.27 mg
Primary Research Focus	ECM remodelling & antioxidant signalling	NF-κB inhibition & anti-inflammatory activity	Anti-fibrotic signalling	Angiogenesis & tissue cytoprotection

Component Profiles

GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1)

GHK-Cu is the copper(II) complex of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, a sequence that occurs naturally in human plasma and declines with age. In research models it is studied for its role in extracellular-matrix remodelling, collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and antioxidant signalling. Its copper-binding character is also the source of the KLOW blend’s characteristic blue colour.

KPV (Lys-Pro-Val)

KPV is the tripeptide lysine-proline-valine, corresponding to the C-terminal sequence of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). It is studied as an anti-inflammatory peptide that retains alpha-MSH’s NF-κB-modulating activity without the pigmentary effects of the full hormone, and is of research interest in mucosal and inflammatory models.

Ac-SDKP (N-Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro)

Ac-SDKP is an N-acetylated tetrapeptide that occurs endogenously as a fragment released from thymosin beta-4 by the enzyme prolyl oligopeptidase. It is a substrate of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and is studied primarily for anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity in cardiac, renal, and pulmonary research models, where it has been reported to modulate fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition.

BPC-157

BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide whose sequence is derived from a fragment of human gastric protein BPC. It is studied for cytoprotective and angiogenic activity, including effects on VEGFR2 signalling, and is widely used in research models of tendon, ligament, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissue repair.

Research Rationale

The KLOW Stack shares two components — BPC-157 and GHK-Cu — with ITide Laboratories’ GLOW Stack, but substitutes the thymosin-beta-4-derived tetrapeptide Ac-SDKP for the full-length thymosin-beta-4 fragment and adds the anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV. The result is a four-peptide formulation assembled so that researchers can examine tissue-repair biology across several mechanistic axes at once: BPC-157 contributes angiogenic and cytoprotective signalling; GHK-Cu contributes extracellular-matrix remodelling and antioxidant defence; Ac-SDKP contributes anti-fibrotic activity; and KPV contributes inhibition of NF-κB-driven inflammation. A central research question for a blend of this design is whether modulating the inflammatory and fibrotic environment alters the activity of the repair-promoting components — a question that can only be examined when the compounds are studied together under controlled conditions.

Research Areas

Tissue Repair and Wound-Healing Models

The KLOW Stack is studied in research models of soft-tissue repair, where the angiogenic activity of BPC-157 and the extracellular-matrix contributions of GHK-Cu are of particular interest. Combining multiple repair-associated peptides allows researchers to examine whether co-formulation alters healing-related endpoints relative to single compounds.

Skin Biology and Extracellular-Matrix Remodelling

GHK-Cu is extensively studied in skin and connective-tissue research for its effects on collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Within the KLOW blend, researchers can investigate how its remodelling activity interacts with the anti-fibrotic signalling of Ac-SDKP.

Fibrosis and Inflammation Research

Ac-SDKP is a well-characterised anti-fibrotic peptide, and KPV is studied for inhibition of NF-κB-driven inflammation. The KLOW Stack provides a defined system for examining how anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms interact in research models of tissue remodelling.

Frequently Asked Questions

What compounds does the KLOW Stack contain?

The KLOW Stack is an 80 mg co-formulated blend of four research peptides: GHK-Cu (copper tripeptide-1), KPV, Ac-SDKP, and BPC-157. Component identity and purity are confirmed by third-party HPLC-UV and LC-MS analysis.

Does the KLOW Stack contain TB-500?

No. The KLOW Stack contains Ac-SDKP, an N-acetylated tetrapeptide fragment related to thymosin beta-4, rather than the full-length TB-500 fragment. Researchers comparing formulations should note this distinction when reviewing the certificate of analysis.

Why is the KLOW research powder blue?

The blue colour comes from the copper coordination complex of GHK-Cu. Copper(II) bound to the glycyl-histidyl-lysine sequence absorbs visible light, giving the lyophilized blend its characteristic appearance.

How does the KLOW Stack differ from the GLOW Stack?

Both stacks share BPC-157 and GHK-Cu. The KLOW Stack substitutes the thymosin-beta-4-derived tetrapeptide Ac-SDKP for the full-length thymosin-beta-4 fragment used in the GLOW Stack, and adds the anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV, making KLOW a distinct four-peptide formulation.

How is the KLOW Stack tested for purity and identity?

Each batch is analysed by an independent third-party laboratory. The current lot is reported at 99.54% purity by HPLC-UV with component identity confirmed by LC-MS; the full certificate of analysis is available in the ITide Laboratories Lab Results center.

Is the KLOW Stack a single chemical compound?

No. The KLOW Stack is a defined blend of four individually characterised research peptides combined in one vial, not a single chemical entity, supplied so researchers can study the four compounds together under uniform conditions.

Published Research

Each peptide in the KLOW Stack is supported by an independent body of published research. Detailed, citation-referenced profiles of three of the four components are available in the ITide Laboratories Research Hub:

Ac-SDKP (N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro) has been characterised primarily in cardiovascular and renal research; peer-reviewed reviews of its anti-fibrotic activity are indexed in PubMed under its chemical name and the synonym goralatide.

ITide Laboratories supplies the KLOW Stack and its component peptides as reference materials for laboratory research use by qualified professionals.

Browse Research Compounds →

Research Use Only Disclaimer

The KLOW Stack and its component peptides are intended for laboratory research purposes by qualified professionals only. Not for human, animal, diagnostic, or therapeutic use. These compounds have not been evaluated by the FDA for clinical application, are not manufactured to pharmaceutical standards, and all applicable local, state, and federal regulations governing research compounds apply.